Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk of Early-Onset Vasomotor Symptoms in Lean and Overweight Premenopausal Women

Yoosun Cho, Yoosoo Chang, Hye Rin Choi, Jeonggyu Kang, Ria Kwon, Ga Young Lim, Jiin Ahn, Kye Hyun Kim, Hoon Kim, Yun Soo Hong, Di Zhao, Sanjay Rampal, Juhee Cho, Hyun Young Park, Eliseo Guallar, Seungho Ryu

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2 Scopus citations

Abstract

The role of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in vasomotor symptom (VMS) risk in premenopausal women is unknown. We examined the prevalence of early-onset VMSs according to NAFLD status in lean and overweight premenopausal women. This cross-sectional study included 4242 premenopausal Korean women (mean age 45.4 years). VMSs (hot flashes and night sweats) were assessed using the Korean version of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life questionnaire. Hepatic steatosis was determined using liver ultrasound; lean was defined as a body mass index of <23 kg/m2. Participants were categorized into four groups: NAFLD-free lean (reference), NAFLD-free overweight, lean NAFLD, and overweight NAFLD. Compared with the reference, the multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) for VMSs in NAFLD-free overweight, lean NAFLD, and overweight NAFLD were 1.22 (1.06–1.41), 1.38 (1.06–1.79), and 1.49 (1.28–1.73), respectively. For moderate-to-severe VMSs, the multivariable-adjusted PRs (95% CIs) comparing NAFLD-free overweight, lean NAFLD, and overweight NAFLD to the reference were 1.38 (1.10–1.74), 1.73 (1.16–2.57), and 1.74 (1.37–2.21), respectively. NAFLD, even lean NAFLD, was significantly associated with an increased risk of prevalent early-onset VMSs and their severe forms among premenopausal women. Further studies are needed to determine the longitudinal association between NAFLD and VMS risk.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2805
JournalNutrients
Volume14
Issue number14
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.

Keywords

  • lean
  • menopause
  • nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  • vasomotor symptoms

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