TY - JOUR
T1 - Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in neutrophilic chronic rhinosinusitis
AU - Ryu, Gwanghui
AU - Mo, Ji Hun
AU - Shin, Hyun Woo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright:
This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
PY - 2021/2/1
Y1 - 2021/2/1
N2 - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Barrier dysfunction, tissue fibrosis, and remodeling are essential processes of the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been assessed in various studies in CRS. In this review, we summarized the pathophysiologic mechanisms of EMT related to CRS, particularly neutrophilic CRS. RECENT FINDINGS: Loss of epithelial characteristics due to EMT makes leaky epithelium, and transformed mesenchymal cells cause fibrosis and remodeling. Hypoxia, allergens (house dust mites), infections, and air pollutants were related to the pathogenesis of neutrophilic CRS, and these factors are known to induce barrier dysfunction and EMT in sinonasal epithelia. Some molecular pathways related to EMT have been recognized in CRS, including interferon-γ/p38/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, high-mobility group box 1/receptor of advanced glycosylation end-products, TGF-β1/SMAD, and Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathways. Apart from, several microRNAs (miR-21, miR-761, and miR-30a-5p) have been identified to regulate EMT in CRS. SUMMARY: EMT is considered to be an important pathogenesis mechanism for CRS. The factors cause EMT in CRS, and the associated molecular mechanisms are related to neutrophilic inflammation. Further studies on CRS endotype and/or phenotype are needed to clarify the implication of EMT on CRS pathogenesis.
AB - PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Barrier dysfunction, tissue fibrosis, and remodeling are essential processes of the pathophysiology of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The role of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been assessed in various studies in CRS. In this review, we summarized the pathophysiologic mechanisms of EMT related to CRS, particularly neutrophilic CRS. RECENT FINDINGS: Loss of epithelial characteristics due to EMT makes leaky epithelium, and transformed mesenchymal cells cause fibrosis and remodeling. Hypoxia, allergens (house dust mites), infections, and air pollutants were related to the pathogenesis of neutrophilic CRS, and these factors are known to induce barrier dysfunction and EMT in sinonasal epithelia. Some molecular pathways related to EMT have been recognized in CRS, including interferon-γ/p38/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, high-mobility group box 1/receptor of advanced glycosylation end-products, TGF-β1/SMAD, and Wnt/β-catenin-signaling pathways. Apart from, several microRNAs (miR-21, miR-761, and miR-30a-5p) have been identified to regulate EMT in CRS. SUMMARY: EMT is considered to be an important pathogenesis mechanism for CRS. The factors cause EMT in CRS, and the associated molecular mechanisms are related to neutrophilic inflammation. Further studies on CRS endotype and/or phenotype are needed to clarify the implication of EMT on CRS pathogenesis.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099113517&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000701
DO - 10.1097/ACI.0000000000000701
M3 - Article
C2 - 33284158
AN - SCOPUS:85099113517
VL - 21
SP - 30
EP - 37
JO - Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
JF - Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
SN - 1528-4050
IS - 1
ER -