소아 고관절 질환

Developmental dysplasia of the hip is a condition characterized by hip joint instability due to acetabular dysplasia in infancy, necessitating precise ultrasound examination. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is caused by a temporary disruption in blood flow to the femoral head during childhood, progressing through avascular, fragmentation, re-ossification, and residual stages. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis is a condition where the femoral head shifts medially along the epiphyseal line during adolescence due to stress, such as weight-bearing. Differentiating between transient hip synovitis and septic arthritis may require joint fluid aspiration. Osteomyelitis can be associated with soft tissue edema and osteolysis. When multiple lesions are present, it is essential to distinguish between Langerhans cell histiocytosis and metastatic neuroblastoma. This review will introduce imaging techniques and typical findings for these conditions.